Italian · Vocabulary

The most common Italian nouns: 100 to learn first

Here are 100 of the most useful Italian nouns, from il tempo to il messaggio, each with il, lo, la or l'. Learn these five first: la casa (house, home), il giorno (day), l'amico (friend), la città (city) and il lavoro (work). Most end in -o (masculine) or -a (feminine); the sections below cover plurals and the exceptions.

Words
100 nouns with articles
Topics
time, people, home, town, nature
Variety
Standard Italian
Level
A1–A2

100 common Italian nouns

Every noun has its article, so you learn the gender with the word. I soldi and le vacanze are listed in the plural because that is how Italians use them. The Contos web app uses this pack for flashcard review.

ItalianEnglish
il tempotime
il giornoday
la settimanaweek
il mesemonth
l'annoyear
la mattinamorning
la nottenight
il minutominute
il fine settimanaweekend
il compleannobirthday
le vacanzeholiday
la personaperson
l'uomoman
la donnawoman
il bambinochild
il ragazzoboy
la ragazzagirl
l'amicofriend
la famigliafamily
la madremother
il padrefather
il vicinoneighbour
l'insegnanteteacher
il medicodoctor
la casahouse
l'appartamentoflat
la stanzaroom
la portadoor
la finestrawindow
il tavolotable
la sediachair
il lettobed
la cucinakitchen
il giardinogarden
l'orologioclock
la chiavekey
la borsabag
il librobook
la letteraletter
la fotophoto
la mappamap
il telefonophone
il computercomputer
il regalogift
la cosathing
i soldimoney
la cittàcity
il paesinovillage
la stradastreet
il negozioshop
il parcopark
la scuolaschool
la bibliotecalibrary
il cinemacinema
l'albergohotel
la stazionestation
l'ufficiooffice
la macchinacar
l'autobusbus
il trenotrain
l'aereoaeroplane
la biciclettabicycle
il bigliettoticket
il viaggiotrip
il maresea
la spiaggiabeach
il fiumeriver
il lagolake
la montagnamountain
il boscoforest
l'alberotree
il fioreflower
il cielosky
il solesun
la stellastar
il canedog
il gattocat
l'uccellobird
il nomename
la parolaword
la lingualanguage
la domandaquestion
la rispostaanswer
la storiastory
la canzonesong
il filmfilm
il giocogame
la festaparty
l'ideaidea
il lavorowork
la vitalife
il mondoworld
il paesecountry
il postoplace
la manohand
l'occhioeye
la testahead
il cuoreheart
il sognodream
il messaggiomessage

How do Italian nouns make their plural?

Italian plurals change the last vowel, and the article changes with it: il becomes i, lo and masculine l' become gli, and la and feminine l' become le.

PatternSingularPlural
-o becomes -iil libro, l'alberoi libri, gli alberi
-a becomes -ela casa, la parolale case, le parole
-e becomes -i (both genders)il fiore, la chiavei fiori, le chiavi
-co and -go often add hil lago, il bosco, il giocoi laghi, i boschi, i giochi
…but not alwaysl'amicogli amici
stressed last vowel: no changela città, il caffèle città, i caffè
ends in a consonant: no changeil film, il computer, l'autobusi film, i computer, gli autobus
shortened words: no changela foto, il cinemale foto, i cinema
irregularl'uomo, la manogli uomini, le mani

La foto is short for la fotografia, so it is feminine despite the -o and keeps the same form in the plural. Il cinema works the same way (from cinematografo) and is masculine despite the -a.

La foto mostra due giovani: una donna con gli occhi scuri e un uomo con una chitarra.
The photo shows two young people: a woman with dark eyes and a man with a guitar. La foto is feminine; due giovani uses the adjective giovane as a noun, the plural of il giovane or la giovane.

From The Letter in the Oven, chapter 2 (A2)

Masculine or feminine? The nouns to learn with their article

The ending gives you the gender most of the time. The exceptions in this list are worth a second look.

Paese, tempo, storia: which nouns have two meanings?

Several of the most common Italian nouns cover two English words. Stories show you which one is meant.

Poi dice a Pina che c'è un uomo in paese, un certo signor Rossi.
Then he tells Pina that there is a man in the village, a certain Mr Rossi. In paese means in the village, not in the country.

From The Bellavista Guesthouse, chapter 1 (A2)

Meet these nouns in context: tap any word in a Contos chapter to see what it means.

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Frequently asked questions

What is the plural of uomo in Italian?

Gli uomini. Uomo is irregular: the vowel changes and the plural adds -ini. The article changes too, from l' to gli. Its partner donna is regular: la donna, le donne.

Is it il foto or la foto?

La foto. It is short for la fotografia, so it keeps the feminine gender, and it does not change in the plural: le foto. La moto (la motocicletta) and la radio work the same way.

Does paese mean country or village?

Both. Il paese is a country (i paesi europei) and also a village or small town, especially your home town: torno al mio paese. Context tells you which. For a nation in formal writing you will also see la nazione.

How can you tell if an Italian noun is masculine or feminine?

Most nouns ending in -o are masculine and most ending in -a are feminine. Nouns in -e can be either, so learn them with the article. Nouns in -zione are feminine, and nouns in -ore are masculine.

Learn Italian from stories, not drills

Contos has serialized Italian stories from A1 to B2. Tap any word for its meaning. The first two chapters of every series are free.

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